3. Physical interaction of FGFRs with other RTKs

Fibroblast growth factor receptor (FGFR) signalling is involved in epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) and cell migration. Active FGFR mutations have also been reported in diseases including cancers. However, although potent FGFR inhibitors are available, their therapeutic effects are variable. We therefore investigate the functional significance of FGFR signalling in diseases. Using cancer and thyroid eye disease as models, we specifically focus on interactions between FGFRs and other receptor tyrosine kinases including epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) and transforming growth factor beta receptor (TGFbR). In contrast to the classical scheme of signalling interaction, physical presence of FGFR rather than its kinase activity seems to be critical for FGFR interactions with other RTKs. Such a novel mode of receptor interaction may lead to paradigm shifts of targeted therapies in cancers and in inflammatory disorders.